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Sports / Olympic Games / Kerala PSC / Education

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 OLYMPIC GAMES The Olympic Games originated in Ancient  Greece. The first games were held in 776 BC in Olympia. The Ancient Olympic Games were always held at Olympia. A great statue of Zeus, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world was erected in Olympia to preside over the Games. The games were banned by The Roman Emperor Theodosius in AD 394. The games were revived by the French nobleman Baron Pierre de Coubertin who is regarded as the Father of Modern Olympics. The first modern Olympics were held in 1896 at Athens (Greece). 'Play the game in the spirit of the game' was the message of Baron Pierre de Coubertin. The International Olympic Committee(IOC) has since become the governing body of the Olympic Movement, whose structure and actions are defined by the Olympic Charter. The Olympic Charter is a set of rules and guidelines for the organization of the Olympic Games, and for governing the Olympic Movement. Olympic flag which is white colour was created by Pierre De Cou...
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Renaissance Leaders of Kerala / Kuriakose Elias Chavara / Kerala PSC /Education

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  KURIAKOSE ELIAS CHAVARA The Blessed Kuriakose Elias Chavara, was the co-founder and first Prior General of the first congregation for men in the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, now known as the Carmelites of Mary Immaculate, and of a similar one for women, the Sisters of the Mother of Carmel. He was also a social reformer, an educationist and had played a major and significant role in educating women and people of lower sections of society.  He first introduced the system called "A school along with every church" which was successful in making education and knowledge available for everyone for free. Thus schools in Kerala are also called 'Pallikudam' ('palli' means church). Chavara was beautified, along with Saint Alphonsa, on February 8, 1986, by Pope John Paul II, the course of a papal visit to India. His memorial is celebrated on January 3.
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Renaissance Leaders of Kerala / Kerala PSC / Vakkom Moulavi / Education

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  VAKKOM MOULAVI Vakkom Muhammed Abdul Khadir Moulavi, popularly known as Vakkom Moulavi was a social reformer, teacher, prolific writer, Muslim scholar, journalist, freedom fighter and newspaper proprietor in Travancore, a princely state of the present day Kerala, India. He was the founder and publisher of the newspaper Swadeshabhimani which was banned and confiscated by the Government of Travancore in 1910 due to its criticisms against the government and the Diwan of Travancore, P.Rajagopalachari.
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Renaissanace Leaders of Kerala / Dr.Palpu / Kerala PSC Notes / Education

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  Dr.PALPU Padmanabhan Palpu was a bacteriologist and Social revolutionary. Dr.Palpu was a relentless fighter for the cause of the Ezhavas in Kerala. He wrote many articles in english newspapers published from India highlighting the degrading customs in Kerala that made the condition of the Ezhavas miserable. He formed the 'Greater Ezhava Association'. the first meeting held at Thiruvananthapuram, decided to submit a mass petition to the government signed by ten thousand Ezhavas demanding the abolition of the discrimination against them. Dr.Palpu himself took the initiative to get the signatures, and on 1896 September 3rd the petition, the historically famous 'Ezhava Memorial', signed by 13176 people was submitted to the Government.
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Renaissance Leaders of Kerala / V.T Bhattathirippad / Kerala PSC Notes/ Education

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  V.T BHATTATHIRIPAD V.T Bhattathiripad (1896-1982) was an Indian social critic, well-known dramatist and a prominent freedom fighter. He encouraged widow marriage in the Brahmin society and tried to reform the conservative practices of the "Namboodiri community n particular and the society at large." He conducted the first mixed-race marriage in the Brahmin society. He is credited with starting the progressive theater movement of Kerala during which 'the stage and performance became a highly conscious social activity in the hands of social reformers and political activists'. His drama Adukkalayilninnum Arangathekku was a turning point in this context.
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Renaissance Leaders of Kerala/Mannathu Padmanabhan/PSC Helper/Education Notes

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  MANNATHU PADMANABHAN Mannathu Padmanabhan (January 2, 1878-February 25, 1970) was a social reformer and a freedom fighter from the State of Kerala, India. He is recognized as the founder of the Nair Service Society. Padmanabhan is considered as a visionary reformer who organized the Nair community under the NSS. He fought for social equality, the first phase of being the Vaikom Satyagraha, demanding the public roads near the temple at Vaikom be opened to low caste Hindus. In 1924 he took part in the Vaikom and Guruvayoor temple-entry and anti-untouchability agitation. In 1949 Padmanabhan became a member of the Travancore Legislative Assembly. He was honored with the title Bharata Kesari by the President of India. He also received Padma Bhushan in 1966
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Renaissance Leaders of Kerala/ Pandit Karuppan/ Education Notes / PSC Helper

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  PANDIT KARUPPAN Pandit Karuppan was a poet, dramatist, and social reformer who lived in Kerala, India. He was born on May 24, 1885, at Cheranelloor, near Ernakulam. Pandit Karuppan emerged as a relentless crusader against untouchability and social evils. He was called the "Lincoln" of Kerala for steering socio-economically and educationally backward communities to the forefront. As the first human rights activist of the Cochin State, he used his literary skill and organizational ability to combat illiteracy, social injustice, casteism and superstitions. He campaigned for the rights of lower-caste people, who at that time were not even permitted to enter Ernakulam.
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